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불체자 사면안 이민개혁에 대비해 알아둬야 할 사항.....

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[이민개혁/불체자사면안  UPDATE]
2013년 10월2일 민주당주도의 하원에서 상원 에서 통과한 S. 744 을 모델로한 H.R. 15을 제출하였습니다. 가장 관심이 되고 있는 불체자 사면안과 관련한 기준은 다음과 같습니다.
  • 사면신청서 제출시 미국내 거주
  • 2011년 12월31일 또는 이전 입국자
  • 2011년 12월 31일 부터 사면신청서가 허가될때까지 지속적으로 미국에 거주한 자
  • 2011년 12월31일 이후 한시적으로 미국을 떠난 사항은 예외가능(exception for brief, casual, innocent absence)
  • 중죄 (felony), 가중죄(aggravated felony), 또는 3 번이상 경범죄(misdemeanor) 로 형사처벌 사실이 있는자는 사면신청 불가
  • 2013년4월16일기준 합법신분인자는 제외
위에 조건을 충족한 서류미비자들은 최초 6년 동안 사면이 허가되며 일정조건 유지시 6년을 연장할 수 있습니다.
   
사면승인후 다음과 같은 요건을 충족후에 영주권 신청이 가능합니다.
  • 사면승인후 지속적으로 사면요건 충족하며 10년간 RPI 신분유지
  • RPI 신분으로 한해 180일이상 지속적으로 미국내체류
  • 사면승인후 연방정부에서 부과한 세금을 모두 납부
  • 사면이후 60일 이상 실직되지 않거나, 생활보호대상자가 될 확률이 거의 없거나, 연방정부 극빈자 기준치 125%를 넘는 수입이 있는자
  • 16세이상 의 경우 영어, 시민권시험 기준을 통과한 자
  • 병역징집에 해당하는 경우 징집요청서 제출한 자
지난해 시행된 추방유예에 해당하는 지원자는 다음과 같은 조건하에 영주권 신청이 가능합니다.
  • 사면 승인후 최소 5년동안 RPI 신분유지
  • 16세 이전에 미국에 입국한 자
  • 미국내 고등학교 졸업 또는 이에 준하는 학력 소지
  • 대학에서 학위를 수여받았거나 학사학위과정중 2년을 마친자, 또는 4년간 군복무자
  • 영어, 시민권 시험 통과자
  • 신원조회 통과자
앞으로 통과될 이민개혁안 관련 전망과 준비해야 할 사항은 무엇인가요?
 
현재 논의중인 이민개혁안에 따르면 해당 서류미비자들이 언제 미국에 입국했는지가 중요한 요소입니다.  따라서 입국날짜를 증빙할서류 , 여권, 비자, I-94, 국경통과카드, 입국도장등을 미리 준비해 두시면 도움이 됩니다.
또한 미국내  입국후 미국내 지속적으로 거주했음을 증빙할 서류로써, 학교성적표 및 기록, 병원기록, 렌트/리스 계약서, 은행서류 등을 준비하시면 됩니다.
만약 형사처벌받은 사실이 있거나 체포기록이 있는 경우 반드시 형사기록을 구비하여 사면의 혜택을 받을수 있는지 전문가와 상의할 것을 권해드립니다.
세금을 납부해오신 경우, 그간 세금신고한 자료를 모두 모아두시면사면신청시 효율적으로 대처하실수 있습니다.
 
 
On October 2, 2013 House Democrat introduced H.R.15, which is modeled on the version of S. 744 that was passed out of the Senate Judiciary Committee. Those currently undocumented would be able to register as Registered Provisional Immigrant (“RPI”) under the following conditions:
  • Physically present in the U.S. on the date of submission of application for RPI
  • Physically present in the U.S. on or before 12/31/2011
  • Continuous physical presence from 12/31/2011 to grant for RPI (exception for brief, casual, innocent absence)
  • No felony conviction, aggravated felony, 3 or more misdemeanor convictions
  • Ineligible for LPR, refugee, asylee, in lawful status in any non-immigrant status on the date of introduction of Act (4/16/2013)
The initial RPI status will be valid for six (6) years and may be extended for additional six (6) years under the certain requirements being met.
 
Once registered as Registered Provisional Immigrant (“RPI”), the RPI can adjust their status to lawful permanent resident if meet the following requirements:
  • Remain status of RPI for 10 years
  • Has not been absent for more than 180 days in any calendar year during RPI status
  • Satisfy any federal tax liability
  • Regularly employed through RPI period; is not likely to become a public charge; or demonstrate average income/resources of 125% of poverty level
  • Meet the English/civics requirements if 16 years or older
  • Provide proof of selective service registration if applicable
A different set of requirement will be applied to those who entered the U.S. as children.
  • Has been an RPI for at least five years
  • Entered initially the U.S. before the age of 16
  • Has earned a H.S. diploma or equivalent
  • Obtained a degree from an institution of higher education or complete two years of bachelor’s program, or served four years in Uniformed Services
  • Provide a list of each secondary school attended in the U.S.
  • Passed an English/civic test
  • Submit new biometric and biographic data and pass background checks
What to expect and what kinds of documents would be needed for the potential immigration reform?
It is a key to prove that the applicants entered the U.S. on or before certain time and date so it would be beneficial if the applicants prepare documents showing the entry information, i.e. passport, visa, entry stamp, I-94, border crossing card, etc.
It is also crucial to prove that the applicants have been continuously residing in the U.S. since their entry. Applicants can prepare documents to prove their physical presence in the U.S. such as school records and transcripts, medical records, lease/rental agreement, bank statements, etc.
Those with certain criminal records must prepare arrest or conviction records, which need to be reviewed by professionals to determine the eligibility. 
If they have filed a federal tax return, the applicants also need to collect all copies of them to show they have satisfied their tax liability.
 
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